In the estate of Raisa Pavlovna Gurmyzhskaya, “a very rich landowner,” Bulanov, “a young man who did not finish his studies at the gymnasium,” accosts his pupil Aksyusha. Aksyusha leaves, and the footman Karp hints to Bulanov: should he pay attention to the lady herself.
At this time, Gurmyzhskaya herself appears and along with her “rich landowner neighbors”: retired cavalryman Bodaev and Milonov. The hostess says that she wants to do “three good deeds at once” - marry Aksyusha to Bulanov and take care of her late husband’s nephew; She hasn’t seen him for fifteen years, and he is her only relative and legal heir. He sends her small gifts from all over Russia, but where he is, what’s wrong with him is unknown.
The merchant Vosmibratov came to buy the forest and marry his son Peter to Aksyusha. However, he “did not take the money for the forest he had already purchased.” Gurmyzhskaya refuses: “There is already a groom, he lives in the house. Maybe they are talking some nonsense in the city, so you know: this is the groom.” “You’re only making a fool of your father. Wait a minute with me!” - the merchant threatens his son. But the forest was bought at a profit. This time, as if by chance, the merchant does not leave a receipt. Father and son leave. Karp brings Aksyusha and Julitta. Trying to humiliate Aksyusha, Raisa Pavlovna tells her to play the role of Bulanov’s bride: “I need it that way.” But the contempt shown by Aksyusha to Bulanov infuriates her. She asks Julitta about them, she pleases her: “She is very affectionate towards him, but he seems to be so... ...I don’t want him.”
Peter and Aksyusha meet in the forest. They love each other, but Peter's father does not want to hear about his daughter-in-law without a dowry. They are going away. Schastlivtsev and Neschastlivtsev, two familiar actors, appear from different sides: a comedian and a tragedian. They meet by chance on the way, one from Vologda to Kerch, the other from Kerch to Vologda. And now they tell each other that there is no troupe either in Kerch or Vologda, there is nowhere to play. Both are walking, without money. In Gennady Demyanovich Neschastlivtsev’s backpack there is “a pair of good dresses”, “a folding hat”, something else and a broken pistol. Arkady Schastlivtsev has all his property - a bundle on a stick and the “lightest” coat, and in the bundle there is a “library”, “thirty plays”, and fake orders. “And you acquired all this?” (meaning stole, pulled). “And I don’t consider it a sin: the salary is withheld.” They dream of their own troupe: “If only we could find a dramatic actress, young, good […] If a woman throws herself headlong into the maelstrom of love - here’s an actress. Yes, I should see it for myself, otherwise I won’t believe it. I’ll pull you out of the pool, then I’ll believe you. Well, apparently, let’s go.” "Where?" - asks Arkady. And he reads the inscription: “To the estate “Penka” of Mrs. Gurmyzhskaya.” They are "slowly going away."
In the morning in the garden of the estate, Gurmyzhskaya, flirting with Bulanov, tells him a dream that her nephew “came and killed you with a pistol in front of my eyes.” She is concerned: “...And suddenly he will appear! […] We’ll have to give him some part too! And I will have to take it from the one I love.” They decide it’s better not to talk about their nephew. Karp comes in and reports: the samovar is ready, and at night “the master has arrived.” And with the words “Don’t believe in dreams,” Gurmyzhskaya and Bulanov leave to drink tea.
The actors enter. Neschastlivtsev, “dressed very decently,” decides to declare Arkady, who is in “the same suit,” here as his lackey, and himself as a retired officer.
Vosmibratov and Peter arrive. Karp does not want to report them to the lady: “...Busy with the colonel. Their nephew has arrived." "Colonel?" "Of course, Colonel." The merchants are leaving.
Bulanov opens up with Neschastlivtsev: “Mama says, my mind is not like that, not for learning, sir.” “Which one?” "Practical, sir." “Well, thank the creator that at least “some” exists. And it often happens that there is none.” “Yes, and that’s nothing, sir. If only there was more land, and the landowner would understand his own interests; or even without your mind You can live, sir!” “Oh, brother, you’re really good!” exclaims the actor when Bulanov asks him to teach him card “volts” in order to cheat.
The guests were accommodated in the gazebo. And when Neschastlivtsev goes there with Bulanov, Vosmibratov immediately appears to Gurmyzhskaya and deceives her in the simplest way, taking the receipt, not giving her a thousand rubles and hinting at an unsuccessful matchmaking. “Daytime robbery,” says Raisa Pavlovna and shares the trouble with Bulanov, who has entered. Neschastlivtsev is with him. In response to Gurmyzhskaya’s words: “Now there’s nothing to do,” according to the stage directions, “with fervor,” he exclaims: “What’s there to do? Turn him back! (Raising his eyes to the sky.) What will I do with him! God, what will I do with him! […] Arkashka, give me my orders!”
Vosmibratov and his son are brought in, and the tragedian uses the loudest words to portray the formidable master. The hostess is scared, the merchants are not so scared. But in the end, the actor manages to offend the merchant’s “honor,” and he gives the money.
“Here’s your money, get it,” says Neschastlivtsev to Gurmyzhskaya. (“He moves to the side and stands with his arms crossed and his head turned.”) Gurmyzhskaya thanks and says that she owes him “exactly this amount” (which was discussed before his arrival at the estate). The actor answers: “I don’t believe it,” says flowery phrases about the delicacy, nobility of Gurmyzhskaya and with tears and the words: “Enough favors! Quite affectionate! I will become an idolater, I will pray for you!”, he covers his face with his hands and leaves. The indignant Arkady hides in the bushes and watches as Gurmyzhskaya, laughing at Neschastlivtsev, gives the money to Bulanov.
And at night, in another part of the garden, he boasts to Neschastlivtsev: “A smart person will not disappear anywhere.” "Smart? Who are you talking about?” “About myself, sir.” “Well, who told you that you are smart? Don’t believe it, brother, you were deceived.” But Arkady is quite pleased with himself: he ate dinner from the master’s table, “said that he was accustomed to this from you,” “got along with the housekeeper and on this occasion […] borrowed money from her, and I also have a bottle of liqueur in the corner next to the bed, like wax " And he reproaches his comrade: “You say that you are smart, but the high school student is apparently smarter: he plays a better role here than you.” “What role, brother? Well, what is he? Boy, nothing more." “What role? First lover, sir." "Lover? Whose?" “Your aunts! […] He’s playing a lover, and you’re... a simpleton!” Arkady says his last words “from behind a bush,” fleeing from the now seriously enraged tragic man. Arkady runs away, but the job is done. “He lied, he lied shamelessly,” the tragedian begins the monologue. And he continues: “But if my pious aunt...”, ending like this: “Laugh at the feeling, at the warm tears of the artist! No, Neschastlivtsev does not forgive such an insult!”
Karp, Julitta, then Arkady appear. Karp is making fun of ULITA, who has apparently come on a date; gossips about the mistress’s ruinous novels: he himself took money to the post office for a French doctor, a topographer, some Italian. Julitta gasps, and remaining with Arkady, begins to pour out her soul to him, complaining about her dependent position. Arkady is afraid of Neschastlivtsev, who is wandering around the garden, and out of annoyance blurts out to Ulita that he is not an officer, he himself is not his servant, both are actors “and both are drunkards.”
Peter comes to the garden -
and Aksinya. Vosmibratov’s father again scolded his son for an hour, but now he agrees to take a dowry of two thousand - but no less. The couple comes to the idea of asking money “from their brother, from Gennady Demyanovich” - there is no one else. Meanwhile, Aksinya begins to despair: “Everything is drawn into the water, [...] I keep looking at the lake.” Peter is frightened, she calms him down, he leaves, and Aksinya suddenly meets with Neschastlivtsev. He is in some ecstasy and acts in front of himself and Aksinya: “A woman, a beautiful woman... Are you a woman or a shadow?.. Ah! I see that you are a woman. And on this beautiful night I would like to talk with the inhabitants of the grave... They took many secrets, a lot of suffering with them to the grave. My soul is gloomy, I don’t need the living... Get away!” “Brother, I have suffered and am suffering a lot.” Aksyusha’s lively, completely open speech suddenly falls into the tone of Neschastlivtsev’s affectation - he apparently inspires complete trust in Aksyusha - and most importantly, both have their own misfortunes. They immediately become clear: to a desperate request for two thousand, the actor can only answer: “Forgive me, forgive me! I’m poorer than you [...] it’s not for you to ask me for money, and don’t refuse me a copper coin when I knock on your window and ask for a hangover. I want a piglet, a piglet! This is who I am." Here the tragic pathos fully corresponds to reality: Aksinya runs to the lake. Behind her, Neschastlivtsev shouted: “No, no, sister! It’s too early for you to die!” With the words: “Well, he ran away somewhere. Shouldn't we drown ourselves? That would be good. That’s where he belongs…” Arkady goes to the gazebo.
While getting ready to leave, he runs into a friend and the girl he saved. The tragedian is at the peak of spiritual elation: everything seems to follow his tone, words, declamations: a woman threw herself into the water out of love before his eyes. And he convinces Aksyusha to become an actress: literally, now to join his troupe. Desperate, half-bewitched, Aksyusha seems to agree: “It won’t get worse. […] As you please. I'm ready for anything." “I have several roles, I’ll read to you. […] This night I initiate you into an actress. […] Stop, fugitive! I am generous, I forgive you. Celebrate, Arkashka! We have an actress; You and I will visit all the theaters and surprise all of Russia.”
The three of them go into the gazebo, they are replaced by Raisa Pavlovna and ULITA, who conveys the news to the lady; She is satisfied with the turn of events.
Julitta invites Bulanov and disappears. Raisa Pavlovna recklessly flirts with Bulanov, demanding that he guess what she loves. And when, hearing: “You, fool! you!”, he muttered: “Yes, sir […] You should have been a long time ago... That’s better, Raisinka!” It would have been a long time since you…” he goes in for a kiss, pushes him away: “Are you crazy? Go away! You ignoramus, scoundrel, boy! and leaves. Bulanov is horrified. “What a foolish thing I did! Tomorrow I... From here […] Three necks! Guilty, sir! […] Gone, gone, gone!”
But Bulanov did not disappear. The next morning in the hall he swaggers over Karp: “I won’t tolerate disorder in the house! I’m not Raisa Pavlovna...” Karp leaves with sarcastically emphasized humility. “Hello, Mr. Neschastlivtsev!” - Bulanov greets the actor. “Do you know that I am Neschastlivtsev?” "I know". “I’m very glad, brother. This means you know who you are dealing with and will act carefully and respectfully.” Bulanov is clearly afraid of the actor, and he aptly mocks him; but still, now he has to leave, since such is the will of the mistress. LEAVING, he notices a money box accidentally left on the table.
Gurmyzhskaya enters. Bulanov is on friendly terms with her, he is making plans. It’s a pity for Aksyusha’s dowry. Raisa Pavlovna and Bulanov are in difficulty, and then Aksyusha herself enters. Bulanov is sent away, and Gurmyzhskaya starts talking with Aksyusha about him. They only lead to an exchange of barbs not in favor of the hostess, and in the end she admits that she is jealous of Bulanov for Aksyusha. When Aksyusha says that she herself decided to leave Penki, Raisa Pavlovna is almost touched. Aksyusha is replaced by Neschastlivtsev, and very decisively. “They don’t listen to any reason,” says Karp. The actor sends him away: “Don’t let anyone in.” He's in his traveling suit. He takes the bell from the lady and puts the pistol near the box. “Don’t be afraid, we will talk very peacefully, even kindly. You know what? Give it to me as a souvenir (box).” “Oh, you can’t, my friend, there are important papers here, documents on the estate.” “You’re wrong, there’s money here.” So, by intimidating, the actor manages to persuade Raisa Pavlovna to give him money from the box. As a result, Gurmyzhskaya gives the thousand she owes (which she admits) and says that she “isn’t angry” - otherwise the tragic man threatens to shoot himself right there. The actor orders a threesome, anticipates lucrative contracts and benefit performances. Arkady is delighted. Guests are gathering in the house. Aksyusha is looking for Peter: to say goodbye. It turns out that the father’s last condition was: “At least they gave a thousand for you, you fool.” Aksyusha rushes to the tragedian: “Ask auntie, [...] now you only need a thousand rubles, only a thousand.” “What about being an actress, my child? With your feeling...” “Brother... feeling... I need it at home.” And the actor with the words “Let me inspire myself well...” goes to the dining room.
Milonov, Bodaev, the hostess and Bulanov enter, and the reason for the celebration becomes clear: Gurmyzhskaya is marrying Bulanov. Neschastlivtsev appears. At the door are the Vosmibratovs, Aksyusha, Arkady. “Auntie, are you happy?” - asks Neschastlivtsev and convinces her to do a good deed - to arrange the happiness of her niece with a small amount for herself: Gurmyzhskaya refuses. Bulanov agrees with her. And the actor, to Arkady’s horror, gives the money to Aksyusha. Vosmibratov takes them and counts them. Aksyusha warmly thanks Neschastlivtsev. Milonov wants to “publish his deed in the newspapers,” and Bodaev invites him to come to him, but they refuse to have a drink with the actor. “It seems you are planning to go,” reminds Bulanov. “And in fact, brother Arkady, [...] how did we get into this dense forest? Everything is fine here, as it should be in the forest. Old women marry high school students, young girls drown themselves from bitter life with their relatives: forest, brother,” says the tragedian. “Comedians,” Raisa Pavlovna shrugs. “Comedians? No, we are artists, and you are comedians. […] What did you do? who did you feed? who was consoled? […] A girl runs to drown herself, who pushes her into the water? Aunt. Who saves? Actor Neschastlivtsev. “People, people! Generation of crocodiles!” And the actor reads Karl Moor’s monologue from “The Robbers,” ending with the words: “Oh, if only I could infuriate all the bloodthirsty inhabitants of the forests against this hellish generation!” “But excuse me, you can be held accountable for these words!” “Yes, just to the police officer. We are all witnesses!“ Milonov and Bulanov respond.
"Me? You're wrong. Censored. Look: “approved for presentation.” Oh, you malignant man! Where can you talk to me? I feel and speak like Schiller, and you like a clerk. Well, that's enough. On the road, Arkashka. […] Listen, Karp! If the troika arrives, you, brother, return them to the city and say that the gentlemen have gone on foot. Hand, comrade! “(Gives his hand to Schastlivtsev and slowly walks away.)”
The play “The Forest” by Ostrovsky, a brief summary of which will help you quickly remember the plot, is a famous comedy by a Russian playwright of the 19th century. It was first presented to the public at an evening at a meeting of artists in St. Petersburg. In the same year it was published in the journal Otechestvennye zapiski.
The history of the creation of Ostrovsky's "Forest"
The play was first staged at the Alexandrinsky Theater in 1871. True, the premiere in St. Petersburg, one might say, was unsuccessful. Actor Burdin, who played Neschastlivtsev, told Ostrovsky that in general the comedy was received warmly, but the absence of the author clearly harmed the production.
In November 1871, the play was launched on the stage of the Maly Theater. Ostrovsky's play "The Forest", a brief summary of which will allow you to better understand the author's intentions, went more successfully from this performance. Over the next few seasons it was staged 11 times. It is still included in the repertoire of capital and provincial Russian theaters.
Landowner Gurmyzhskaya
Among the heroes of Ostrovsky's "Forest" it is worth highlighting the landowner Raisa Pavlovna Gurmyzhskaya. She is very rich. At the very beginning of the play, a young and dissolute man Bulanov begins to pester her pupil named Aksyusha. It is known about him that he did not even graduate from high school. Bulanov fails, and when Aksyusha leaves, the experienced lackey Karl advises him to pay attention to the more promising Gurmyzhskaya.
In the next act of Ostrovsky’s play “The Forest,” a brief summary of which is in front of you, Gurmyzhskaya herself appears on stage, accompanied by wealthy landowner neighbors. This is Milonov and retired cavalryman Bodaev.
The owner of the estate admits that she planned to marry Aksyusha to Bulanov, and also take care of her nephew ex-husband, who died several years ago. This young man has not seen her for fifteen years, but still continues to send her gifts from all over Russia. True, where he is at this moment is unknown. But this nephew is her only relative left in the world, the official and legal heir.
Matchmakers
Soon, viewers of Ostrovsky's comedy "The Forest" (a brief summary will help you quickly refresh your memory of the events of the work) will learn that it is not only Bulavin who is trying to marry Aksyusha.
The merchant Vosmibratov comes to Gurmyzhskaya to resolve two matters at once. Firstly, to buy forest, and secondly, to marry his son Peter to her. At the same time, it turns out that the merchant forgot the money for the forest that he was going to buy at home.
Gurmyzhskaya responds to this that her pupil already has a fiancé who lives with them. The merchant bursts into anger at his son for putting him in such a stupid position. True, he still buys timber at a profit.
Meeting in the forest
In fact, Aksyusha cannot stand Bulanov, feeling contempt for him. In reality, her heart is given to Peter. Alexander Ostrovsky describes their meeting in the forest.
At the same time, young people understand that their relationship is most likely doomed. Peter's father doesn't even want to hear about a bride without a dowry.The following important characters from Ostrovsky's play "The Forest" appear in the same place. These are Schastlivtsev and Neschastlivtsev. As a rule, they enter the stage from different sides. Both of these heroes are actors: one is a comedian, the other is a tragedian. They met by chance in this forest. They share their sorrows with each other - there are no troupes or work anywhere. Without money, they continue on their way together.
They have simple belongings with them, everyone dreams of someday organizing their own troupe, so as not to depend on odd jobs. For this they need at least one actress. On their road they meet a sign to the Penka estate of Mrs. Gurmyzhskaya. That's where they're heading.
Actors at the estate
Viewers of Ostrovsky's comedy "Forest" witness how the next morning Gurmyzhskaya flirts with Bulanov. He tells him his dream about his mysterious nephew. According to her, he shot himself with a pistol in front of her eyes when he arrived at her estate.
Then Karp appears and reports the master’s visit. Surprised, Gurmyzhskaya and Bulanov leave to meet the guest. It turns out that Neschastlivtsev, who changed into a decent suit, was mistaken for the master. It was decided to declare Schastlivtsev a lackey, because he remained in the same clothes. Neschastlivtsev introduces himself as a retired officer.
This situation will immediately remind an attentive viewer of Gogol’s play “The Inspector General”. But this is only at first glance. Everyone mistakes Neschastlivtsev for Gurmyzhskaya’s nephew. Guests are accommodated in a gazebo.
Merchant deceiver
Neschastlivtsev shows himself in full glory in the scene with the merchant Vosmibratov. He deceives Gurmyzhskaya by taking her receipt, in which he promised to pay for the forest. The landowner complains to Bulanov. And then Neschastlivtsev, in the guise of a retired officer, orders the merchant to be turned back.
He uses the entire arsenal of a tragedian at his disposal, uses the loudest words, portraying a formidable master, and even offends the merchant’s honor. After that he gives the money. Neschastlivtsev nobly returns the money to Gurmyzhskaya.
By that time, Schastlivtsev was satisfied with his position. He ate dinner from the master's table, because he declared that he was accustomed only to such treatment, and even made an appointment for the evening with the housekeeper Ulita, in addition, he told three boxes. His comrade is angry about this, he can barely hide from his righteous tragic anger.
In the evening, on a date with Julitta, out of fear of Neschastlivtsev, he confesses to the housekeeper that they are both actors and drunkards, and not some kind of officer and his servant.
In the next scene, the audience watches how the relationship between Peter and Aksinya develops. The young man managed to persuade his father to give him a small dowry - 2000 rubles. But this money also needs to be obtained somewhere. The lovers decide to ask for a loan.
Leaving Peter, Aksinya meets Neschastlivtsev. She asks him for money, but he admits that he is actually poorer than her.
Arkady meets the tragic man at the peak of his spiritual elation. He says that the woman threw herself into the water out of love before his eyes. Amazed by her charisma, he convinces Aksinya to definitely become an actress. And right now, in the troupe that he is creating. Desperate and seemingly bewitched, Aksinya even agrees, not fully understanding what they are offering her. She is sure that it will not get worse, now she is ready for anything.
Neschastlivtsev promises to initiate her into an actress that same night, to read with her several new roles that are in his repertoire. He pleases Arkady that they now have an actress, they are ready to tour the whole country in triumph. The three of them go to the gazebo.
The secret becomes clear
In the next scene, Raisa Pavlovna and Julitta come to the fore. The housekeeper tells the lady how things really are, relaying Arkady’s words in detail. The landowner is completely satisfied with this state of affairs.
Gurmyzhskaya continues to flirt and flirt with Bulanov. She demands that he figure out what she really loves. Finally she admits that she loves him. The delighted Bulanov immediately climbs up to kiss her, but the woman pushes him away, calling him an ignoramus, a boy and a scoundrel. Bulanov is in a panic, he is afraid that for such an act he will be kicked out of here the next day.
But everything turns out completely differently. Bulanov is left alone. The next morning he is already swaggering over the lackey Karp. And he greets the actor, calling him by his name real name- Unlucky people. He is amazed that he was discovered. But on the other hand, he assumes that he will now behave with him especially carefully and respectfully. Bulanov is really afraid of the actor, and he aptly mocks and makes fun of him. As he leaves, he notices a box of money carelessly left on the table.
Bulanov's plans
Emboldened, Bulanov begins to discuss plans for the future with Gurmyzhskaya. Then Aksinya appears, whose fate was just discussed. Gurmyzhskaya drives Bulanov away and calls the girl for a frank conversation.
The two of them begin to discuss Bulanov. It all ends in an exchange of barbs, from which the hostess emerges the loser. In the end, she is forced to admit that she is jealous of Aksinya for the young man. And when the girl admits that she has finally decided to leave Penkov, Raisa Pavlovna is touched by this news.
Aksinya is replaced by Neschastlivtsev. He had already changed into his usual traveling suit. Suddenly he takes the bell from the lady and places the pistol next to the box with money. The actor asks the landowner to give him this box. Gurmyzhskaya begins to assure him that there is nothing in the box that deserves his attention, only documents on the estate. But Neschastlivtsev is sure that there is money in it.
Having intimidated the landowner, he forces her to give him a thousand rubles, which Gurmyzhskaya already owed him, which she herself admitted.
The actor is looking forward to it. With this money, he already dreams of organizing a troupe, performing successfully in different cities, dreaming of benefit performances, applause and tempting contracts.
Meanwhile, guests are gathering in the house. Aksinya is looking for Peter among them to see each other for the last time and say goodbye. He admits that his father agreed to reduce the dowry even more. He is already asking for at least a thousand rubles. Aksinya immediately looks for the tragic woman, explaining to him that now only a thousand rubles are enough for her happiness. Neschastlivtsev reminds her that she was going to become an actress, but the girl admits that her feeling for Peter is strongest. The tragedian retires to the dining room in thought.
In the evening, landowners from surrounding villages gather at Gurmyzhskaya’s house. Only at dinner will the guests learn about the true reason for the celebration. Raisa Pavlovna officially announces that she is marrying Bulanov. Neschastlivtsev appears and asks her to arrange happiness for her niece on this occasion, providing her with a small amount of money as a dowry. But Gurmyzhskaya refuses him. Bulanov also agrees with her.
Then Neschastlivtsev, to the horror of his companion Arkady, gives all the money that they dreamed of spending on the acting troupe to Aksinya. She thanks him warmly. Milonov declares that he will publish about this act in the newspapers, and Bodaev announces that he is now always a welcome guest in his house.
Neschastlivtsev and Arkady are about to leave. Astonished at each other how they ended up in this place, where old women marry high school students, and young girls are ready to drown themselves out of grief. Neschastlivtsev’s final monologue makes a great impression on the audience. He declares that he and Arkady are artists, and everyone who surrounds them is real comedians. The aunt provokes her niece to the fact that the girl is ready to drown herself, and only the poor actor Neschastlivtsev saves her. At the end he calls everyone a spawn of crocodiles.
In conclusion, the actor reads Karl Moor's monologue from the play "The Robbers", which ends with the words that the hero wants to escape from the inhabitants of the bloodthirsty forests surrounding him.
Alexander Ostrovsky's play ends with a pack between Neschastlivtsev, Bulanov and Milonov. They were offended by his words and want to beat him or take him to the police officer. To which the actor declares that the text has been censored, he speaks in the words of Schiller, when everyone else is like a clerk. He gives his hand to Schastlivtsev and leaves with him, finally asking Karp to return the troika back if she comes for them, saying that the gentlemen have decided to walk.
Play Analysis
Many literary critics note that Ostrovsky's comedy "The Forest" is one of his most complex and perfect works. This is noticeable both in the design of the play itself and in the complex plot structure.
For example, the lyrical line of the relationship between Peter and Aksinya is built in the form of folk comedy. The fate of the girl in this case becomes the reason for another line, which is one of the key ones. This is a struggle between the satirically depicted world of the landowner's estate and the free artist. This is the main idea of Ostrovsky's "Forest". The world of a well-fed estate is personified by Gurmyzhskaya and her landowner neighbors, and the free artist by Neschastlivtsev, whom everyone initially mistakes for the prodigal son of the Gurmyzhskys.
Reviews from spectators and critics for Ostrovsky's play "The Forest" were mostly positive. At the same time, many noted that the heroic line of the comedy is also connected with the image of Neschastlivtsev. The main problem of Ostrovsky's play "The Forest" is the clash between Neschastlivtsev and the rest of the characters. The action develops against the backdrop of a family conflict. The theme of Ostrovsky's work "The Forest" lies in the social and, in some places, political characteristics of society in the post-reform era.
Another feature of this play is that it is a theater within a theater. Most of the characters strive to achieve their goal by staging each of their performances. In addition to the actors, which include Neschastlivtsev, Gurmyzhskaya, Schastlivtsev and Ulita, the playwright also introduces the audience. In this play they can be considered Gurmyzhskaya’s many neighbors. They do not take part in the intrigues, but at the same time they are needed as characters for whom the entire performance is played out. This is an important observation for the analysis of Ostrovsky's "Forest".
Characters of the play
To achieve satirical goals, comedy requires the most accurate characteristics of the characters in Ostrovsky’s “The Forest.” To do this, each of the characters seems to self-reveal in their actual desires and aspirations. All this manifests itself in verbose and frank discussions.
As a striking example, we can cite the neighbors of Gurmyzhskaya. Bodaev resembles Fonvizin’s Skalozub, who retired, and Milonov, who makes sweet speeches about virtue, seems to have stepped out of the pages of Karamzin’s sentimental works. At the same time, Ostrovsky wrote Milonov’s monologue, dedicated to the moral idyll in a classic Russian serf estate, in classical Shchedrin tones.
The main thing that the playwright managed in the comedy “The Forest” was to convey the amazing atmosphere that reigned in society at that time. It was excited by the changes that had taken place, everything moved out of its place, many felt that the past could not be turned back.
As evidence, we can cite the lordly projects that Bulanov shares with those around him in the last scenes. He dreams of clearing all the ponds in the area and opening a stud farm. But no one believes him, everyone is sure that Bulanov will definitely squander everything.
Ostrovsky shows us that the best way to see changes in society is through the example of a family.
Act one
Raisa Pavlovna Gurmyzhskaya, a widow, in her early 50s, a very wealthy landowner, dresses modestly, almost in mourning, always with a work box on her arm.
Aksinya Danilovna (Aksyusha), her distant relative, a poor girl of about 20, dressed cleanly, but poorly, a little better than a maid.
Evgeniy Apollonych Milonov, about 45 years old, smoothly combed, dressed elegantly, wearing a pink tie. Gurmyzhskaya's rich neighbor.
Uar Kirilych Bodaev, about 60 years old, a retired cavalryman, gray-haired, smooth-haired, with a large mustache and sideburns, in a black frock coat, tightly buttoned, with crosses and medals like a soldier, with a crutch in his hand, slightly deaf. Gurmyzhskaya's rich neighbor.
Ivan Petrov Vosmibratov, a merchant who sells timber.
Peter, his son.
Alexey Sergeevich Bulanov, a young man who dropped out of high school.
Carp, footman Gurmyzhskaya.
Julitta, housekeeper.
Gurmyzhskaya estate, about five versts from the district town. Large hall. There are two straight doors: one is the exit door, the other is in the dining room; to the right of the spectators there is a window and a door to the garden; to the left are two doors: one into the interior rooms, the other into the corridor. Rich antique furniture, trellises, flowers, a work table by the window, a round table and several armchairs to the left.
First appearance
Carp stands at the door to the garden, enters Aksyusha .
Aksyusha. Was my name Raisa Pavlovna?
Carp. So accurate; Only now the guests have arrived, so they are in the garden.
Aksyusha (taking a letter out of his pocket). Listen, Karp Savelich, can you?..
Carp. What do you want, sir?
Aksyusha. Hand over. You already know who.
Carp. How about it, young lady? Now it’s just so awkward. Is it true or not, my auntie has such a desire that you should be behind the little bark.
Aksyusha. Well, don't; as you wish. (Turns to the window.)
Carp. Yes, you're welcome. Why for you... (Takes the letter.)
Aksyusha (looking out the window). Did Raisa Pavlovna sell the forest?
Carp. Sold to Ivan Petrov. We sell everything, sir, but for what?
Aksyusha. He doesn’t want it to be left to his heirs; and you can give money to strangers.
Carp. One must believe, sir. Wisely created.
Aksyusha. They say she wants to give me this money as a dowry.
Carp. God forbid!
Aksyusha (very seriously). God forbid, Karp Savelich!
Carp. Well, whatever you like, sir. My point is that it’s still better to let them go as a dowry than to go to the same place as the others.
Aksyusha. Where are the others... and where are the others?
Carp. Well, it’s impossible for you, young lady, to understand, and you can’t even dare to tell you. Alexey Sergeich is coming. (Moves away from the door.)
Aksyusha looks out the window, Bulanov enters.
Second phenomenon
Aksyusha , Bulanov , Carp, Then Julitta .
Bulanov (Karp). Well, did you fill my cigarettes?
Carp. No way, sir.
Bulanov. Why not? After all, I told you to.
Carp. Little did they say! When should I?
Bulanov. No, you're getting too arrogant here. That's what. I’ll tell Raisa Pavlovna.
Carp. You won't say; You’re afraid to smoke in front of them.
Bulanov. Afraid... To be stuffed! I don’t have to tell you ten times! (Seeing Aksyusha, he approaches her and very cheekily puts his hand on her shoulder.)
Aksyusha (quickly turning around). What do you! Are you crazy?
Bulanov (offended). Oh!! Sorry! Why are you looking like such a duchess, my beauty?
Aksyusha (almost through tears). Why are you insulting me? I didn't do anything to you. What kind of toy am I here for everyone? I am the same person as you.
Bulanov (indifferent). No, listen; I really like you.
Aksyusha. Oh, what do I care about that! What right do you have to touch me?
Bulanov. Why are you all angry for no reason? Eka importance! You can’t even touch it! Don't touch yours! Who will stop me?
Aksyusha (strictly). What if it’s not yours, what if it’s someone else’s? What then?
Bulanov. What a whim! Tired of it. That way you'll ruin the whole thing.
Aksyusha. What's the matter?
Bulanov. What... As if you don’t know? Here it is: Raisa Pavlovna wants me to marry you. And what does Raisa Pavlovna want...
Aksyusha. So be it?
Bulanov. Of course. You and I are poor people... Should we wait until they drive us away? No, I humbly thank you. Where should I go? Again to mommy? Killing magpie-crows in someone else's yard?
Carp. Be quiet, sir! Julitta is coming.
Included Julitta and is looking for something.
What do you want here?
Julitta. I seem to have forgotten...
Carp. You haven’t forgotten anything, it’s in vain. You have your own department, we don’t come to you.
Julitta leaves.
That’s better!.. The most damned woman!
Bulanov. Direct calculation; seems understandable.
Aksyusha. Yes, I understand.
Bulanov. So there is no point in being stubborn. In front of whom are we pretending to be inaccessible? After all, Raisa Pavlovna promises to give a lot of money; what else? You need to cross yourself with both hands.
Aksyusha. Some things can be bought with money, but others cannot.
Bulanov (smiling contemptuously). Philosophy! (Seriously.) You don’t know much about money, that’s why you talk like that. Apparently you didn’t see the need? And here there is a pleasant life ahead... People lay down their souls for money, let alone refuse.
Shown Julitta .
Carp. Why are you running back and forth? Didn't see you here? The rooms here are clean.
Julitta. You can’t even enter!
Carp. How come you can’t find peace for yourself? You are rushing around like a mad cat. If they call you, then it’s a different matter.
Julitta leaves.
Aksyusha. You won’t be nice by force, Alexey Sergeich.
Bulanov. Well, yes, I will achieve my goal; You can't get away with me. After all, you won’t find me better here.
Aksyusha (quiet). You are wrong. If I want to look, I’ll find it; Or maybe I already found it. (Karp.) If Raisa Pavlovna asks, I will be in my room. (Leaves.)
The third phenomenon
Bulanov , Carp .
In 1870 Ostrovsky wrote "The Forest". Summary this comedy and its analysis are presented in our article. The comedy consists of five acts. In 1871, Alexander Ostrovsky published his work in the journal Otechestvennye zapiski.
"Forest": summary
The action of the comedy takes place in the possessions of the wealthy landowner Gurmyzhskaya. The play "The Forest" (Ostrovsky), a summary of which we present to your attention, begins as follows. Mr. Bulanov is trying to win the girl Aksinya. After she leaves, his lackey invites him to start courting Gurmyzhskaya.
The landowner is with Milonov and Bodaev at this time. Raisa Pavlovna wants to marry Aksinya to Bulanov and find her only heir. The merchant Vosmibratov wants the girl to marry Peter, his son. He strives for this in order to acquire the forest. Vosmibratov does not contribute money for it. He is denied marriage.
Purchase of forest
Despite this, he still acquires the forest, and at a very profitable rate. He leaves with his son without leaving a receipt. Raisa Pavlovna forces Aksinya to play the role of Bulanov’s bride. Gurmyzhskaya is angry because the girl hates the “groom”. Peter and Aksinya are in love with each other. Secretly from everyone they see each other in the forest.
Meeting between Neschastlivtsev and Schastlivtsev
Neschastlivtsev and Schastlivtsev collide on their way. One of them comes from Kerch, and the other from Vologda. They tell each other that it won’t be possible to play in these cities, since there is no troupe. Without money, on foot, they continue on their way.
Gennady Demiyanovich Neschastlivtsev carries a broken pistol and several good dresses in his backpack. In his bundle, Schastlivtsev has a light coat, orders he stole somewhere and several books. They want to create a troupe, but finding a good actress is very difficult. After talking with each other and quarreling a little, Arkady and Gennady leave.
Raisa Pavlovna's dream
Landowner Raisa Pavlovna flirts with Bulanov. Ostrovsky's comedy "The Forest" continues with the story about Gurmyzhskaya's dream. Its summary is as follows. The landowner tells Bulanov that she had a dream about a missing relative - her nephew, who killed Bulanov. Soon the absurd conversation between them ends - the master arrives.
Gennady and Arkady visiting the landowner, Vosmibratov's exposure
Gennady Demiyanovich introduces himself to everyone as a retired officer. He says that Schastlivtsev is his lackey. Vosmibratov and Peter enter. Karp refuses to report their arrival. Bulanov, communicating with Gennady Demiyanovich, says that studying is not his business, since his thinking is amazing by nature. He himself wants to learn how to bluff in card games.
Arriving guests settle down in the gazebo. Taking the receipt, Vosmibratov lies to the landowner Raisa Pavlovna, and also hints to Gurmyzhskaya about refusing matchmaking. The landowner is unhappy. She decides to inform Bulanov about this. Vosmibratov and his son were caught. The merchant, after talking about deception, shouts loudly, making himself look formidable. Neschastlivtsev eventually takes the money and gives it to Raisa Pavlovna.
Hints from Gennady, exposure of the landowner
The landowner is pleased with the help provided to her. She promises that she will give Neschastlivtsev the same amount. He doesn't believe her. However, he shows an attraction to the landowner, making (very politely) almost direct hints. The unlucky ones vow to make an idol out of the woman and promise to pray for her.
Arkady is watching what is happening from behind a bush. He sees how the landowner mocks the actor, giving all her money to Bulanov. Arkady boasts to Neschastlivtsev at night that he turned out to be smart, since he was able to dine at the same table with the master and borrowed money from the housekeeper. He is afraid of Gennady, finishing his last sentence from behind the bushes.
Neschastlivtsev reveals who he really is
Gennady is sure that he will not be able to forgive the lady. Karp and Julitta arrive, followed by Schastlivtsev. Julitta (the housekeeper) appears due to an upcoming date. Karp jokes with her. He tells gossip about the lady and attributes various novels to her. Julitta is left alone with Arkady and tells him that she does not like her position.
Gennady continues to keep Schastlivtsev in fear. He inadvertently tells Ulita that he is not really an officer. Neschastlivtsev says that he and his imaginary lackey are actors. Aksinya and Peter are in the garden. The merchant Vosmibratov agrees to receive a smaller dowry than he was entitled to. The lovers ask Gennady for money, he easily wins over Aksinya and Peter. The girl is in despair, but Neschastlivtsev explains that his finances are even worse than hers. Then Aksinya says that she will drown herself in the lake. Gennady stops her.
Aksinya decides to become an actress
The comedy "The Forest" (Ostrovsky) continues with Neschastlivtsev inviting the girl to work as an actress in the troupe he is creating. She agrees. Gennady says that they will be able to become famous throughout Russia. Aksinya, Peter and Neschastlivtsev leave. Julitta and Raisa appear. Ulita tells Gurmyzhskaya the news, calls Bulanov and leaves.
Gurmyzhskaya flirts with Bulanov
The landowner flirts with Bulanov again. She asks him to guess what she likes. Gurmyzhskaya climbs up to him with a kiss, then, pushing Bulanov away, says that he is Raisa Pavlovna asking him to leave her estate. However, he does not leave. In the morning he offends Karp with his jokes. Karp says he will not tolerate disorder in the house. Bulanov is afraid of Neschastlivtsev, who mocks him. However, Gennady has no choice; he has to leave, saying that the landowner wished this. Leaving the house, he accidentally discovers a box of money.
Gennady receives a thousand rubles
The play "The Forest" (Ostrovsky) is already approaching its finale. Its plot is complex, but very interesting. Gurmyzhskaya starts a conversation with Aksinya about Bulanov. In the end she becomes jealous of her lover. Aksinya leaves, Gennady appears. By threatening, he persuades the landowner to give up the box. Gurmyzhskaya gives him 1000 rubles, but he says that he will shoot himself. Neschastlivtsev asks for a carriage, anticipating contracts that will be very beneficial for himself. Aksinya is looking for Peter to say goodbye and leave to play in the troupe. Vosmibratov agrees to receive a thousand rubles as a dowry. Aksinya begs the landowner to allocate this amount to them.
Final Events
Bulanov and Raisa decide to get married. On this occasion, Gennady tries to persuade the landowner to give a dowry, but she refuses. Bulanov supports her. Gennady himself gives the money to the lovers. The girl is grateful to him, and Bodaev is so surprised by the noble deed that he is going to report it in the newspaper.
Ostrovsky (“Forest”) concludes his work with a monologue. Its summary is as follows: it says that young girls want to leave home as soon as possible, and old women have a chance to marry young guys. Arkady tells Karp that if a carriage with horses arrives, he should turn it back so that the young people can have a pleasant walk.
Let's move on to the analysis of the play that Ostrovsky created ("The Forest"). Its summary certainly raised many questions among readers. This is understandable, because the work is one of the most complex in the work of Alexander Nikolaevich. Let's figure out what Ostrovsky wanted to tell us.
"Forest": analysis
The play "The Forest", written in 1870, ushered in a decade in which family novels were popular. Their main idea is the indissolubility of society and family. Ostrovsky, just like Saltykov-Shchedrin and Tolstoy, felt well that in Russia in the post-reform period everything had changed and was “just settling down” (Tolstoy). It is the family that reflects changes in society.
Ostrovsky wanted to show all this in his work (“Forest”). An analysis of the play makes it possible to verify that through the family conflict it reveals the great changes that have occurred in the life of Russian society. The wind of history is felt in the play. He displaced many people from the strong and rigid cells of the state, which was hierarchically organized. They all collide with each other, argue, fight in Gurmyzhskaya’s living room. These are people who were previously impossible to imagine in dialogical communication: a poor pupil, an illiterate merchant, a district nobility, a dropout high school student from a poor family of nobles, the landowner Gurmyzhsky (who became the actor Neschastlivtsev), an actor from the bourgeoisie.
The comedy "Forest" (Ostrovsky, as you know, created more than one work of this genre) is one of the most complex and perfect creations of Alexander Nikolaevich. This was expressed in the design of the work, in the complexity of the plot structure. The love story of Peter and Aksinya is developed in the form of folk comedy. It is reminiscent of the earlier This line is not brought to the fore in the work, although the dramatic struggle and development of the action are focused on it. Aksinya’s fate, one might say, is the reason for the development of another line - the struggle between the free artist Neschastlivtsev, the “prodigal son” of the Gurmyzhskys; and the world of the landowner's estate, the main ideologist of which is the landowner Gurmyzhskaya.
The high, heroic line is associated with the image of Gennady Neschastlivtsev. However, it is revealed in its entirety and in connection with the satirical orientation of the play. The analysis of "Forest" allows us to assert that family conflict provides a social characteristic (partly political) of society in the post-reform years. In a clash with his antagonists, Gennady is a truly high hero.
Why did Ostrovsky call the comedy "Forest"? This image is allegorical in nature. He is a symbol of the savage morals of the nobles, well-mannered outwardly, but corrupted internally. After all, the noble estate in which the action takes place is surrounded on all sides by forest.
Ostrovsky's play "The Forest", which we analyzed, is one of the most interesting works in the work of Alexander Nikolaevich. We hope you would like to get acquainted with the original of this comedy. Indeed, within the framework of this article it is impossible to convey artistic features, which Ostrovsky laid down in the play “Forest”. A summary of the actions only describes the plot of the work.
Composition
A. N. Ostrovsky entered literature as a writer of unprivileged sections of society; heroes from the nobility appeared in his works only sporadically. In the 60s, an attempt to master the image of a noble hero ended with the creation of anti-noble comedies: Simplicity is enough for every wise man, Mad Money, Wolves and Sheep, Forest.
The lofty hero in the comedy Les turns out to be not a noble nobleman, but a poor actor, Neschastlivtsev, a declassed nobleman.
The comedy Forest is closely connected with its time: the destinies of the heroes fit into a great historical time. Ostrovsky wonderfully felt that in Russia in the 60s everything had turned upside down and was just settling down (L. Tolstoy Anna Karenina). In a concentrated form, all changes in the life of society were reflected in the family. With the collapse of serfdom, patriarchal foundations in the life of society and family are destroyed. A person finds himself alone with himself. All this is happening against the backdrop of completely new economic relations. The crazy money was no longer enough for people accustomed to living on income from serf estates. The nobles were drawn into the struggle for a livelihood in accordance with their abilities: some became entrepreneurs, others cut down and sold their family estates. Impoverished nobles joined the ranks of the working intelligentsia.
Touching on all these problems in Les, Ostrovsky focused on the moral aspect of the changes taking place in Russia. In a remote landowner's outback (Penka's estate), people who were difficult to imagine in one company before, the landowner Gurmyzhskaya and the district nobility, an illiterate merchant and a provincial actor, collide and argue.
Within the framework of a family conflict, a sharp characteristic of Russian society of the post-reform era is given. In the very first act, we learn that the fate of the forest, which Raisa Pavlovna Gurmyzhskaya sells, decides the fate of many people. The play conveys an atmosphere of excited excitement about the changes taking place. The noble estate, its owners and neighbors are depicted with all the force of satirical denunciation. The lady squanders her fortune with her lover, selling off the land. She plays the role of noble, selfless, modest and generous. Her true essence is cunning, hypocritical, cruel, greedy. She regretted the money for her nephew’s education, she also regrets the money for Aksyusha’s dowry, but she hypocritically cares about the poor boy Bulanov, a dropout high school student, whom she wants to marry.
The neighbors of Gurmyzhskaya are very expressive. This is the beautiful Evgeny Apollonovich Milonov, who is elegantly dressed in a pink tie, and the retired cavalryman Uar Kirilych Bodaev. Milonov makes sweet speeches about virtue and yearns only for the bygone times of serfdom, strives with all his might to prevent change, and fights with the zemstvo. Bodaev is a rude, stupid, straightforward person, reminiscent of Skalozub.
Ostrovsky shows us the moral degradation of the nobility. High spirituality dies among the nobility and is replaced by callousness, sober selfishness, and crude self-interest.
The huge estates of Gurmyzhskaya are melting, they are being bought up by yesterday’s peasant merchant Vosmibratov. The landowners realize that under Vosmibratov’s ax the forests surrounding their estates and symbolizing the inviolability of feudal relations are dying. They understand that Vosmibratov will not spare the forms of life familiar to noble nests, and will not spare the beauty of the forests. Ostrovsky shows the clash of material interests of the landowners and the bourgeoisie.
The forest is the central image of the comedy, a symbol. The sale of the forest is the end of the landowners' rule, the loss of power. But the forest, the dense forest, is also a symbol of denseness, savagery, barbarism, and the cruelty of human relations. Everything is fine here... as it should be in the forest. Old women marry high school students, young girls drown themselves from bitter life with their relatives: forest, brother, says Neschastlivtsev. Neschastlivtsev’s illusions ended, he began to see clearly. Those who are honest, do not tolerate meanness, do not participate in intrigues, have their own opinion and dignity, sympathize with the grief and misfortune of others, have no place in this forest.
Leaves the Neschastlivtsev’s native place forever, leaves the estate of Penka Aksyusha. Ostrovsky contrasts the existing relations of inhumanity, cruelty, insincerity and lies with the dream of people with bright and strong characters, deep and sincere feelings.
The comedy Forest was written when in post-reform Russia the old way of life was being rebuilt in a new way. In his work, Ostrovsky reflected the state of Russian society at that time. The writer managed to cover a fairly wide range of social strata, brought into one house, showed together people who would previously have been impossible to imagine together: representatives of the district nobility, provincial actors, merchants, a poor pupil, a dropout high school student. The relationships between these people are reminiscent of actors playing in a theater, which is why the Forest is called a theater within a theater, but here everyone has their own performance, a pre-assigned role.
The two main characters Raisa Pavlovna Gurmyzhskaya and Gennady Neschastlivtsev each play their own play.
The noblewoman Gurmyzhskaya plays the role of a decent and beneficent widow, helping her relatives and everyone in need. In reality, this is a callous, selfish woman who thinks only about herself and her pleasures, who has not lost her taste for the pleasures of life and buys them with money. She is on her own mind and treats the random manifestation of any noble feelings like this: You play, you play a role, and you’ll get carried away. Her speech constantly contains words such as game, role, comedy. She has been playing her comedy for six years now, and everyone, despite the fact that they know or guess about it, takes her acting for the truth, for granted. She forces others to take part in her performance. She says to Aksyusha, who refuses to act according to her plan: There were better people than you, but they danced according to my pipe.
Bulanov, a dropout high school student and the son of her friend, living in the estate only out of Gurmyzhskaya’s mercy, is forced to play the role that the widow assigns to him. He portrays either Aksyusha’s fiancé, or his nephew’s friend, or even completely turns first into the first lover, as Schastlivtsev put it, and then into Gurmyzhskaya’s future husband.
The relationship between Raisa Pavlovna and Vosmibratov also resembles a game. Each is trying to deceive the other, but outwardly they are kind and courteous, trying to maintain business relations.
Gurmyzhskaya's antagonist is her nephew Gennady Gurmyzhsky, a provincial dramatic actor who performs under the pseudonym Neschastlivtsev. Appearing at his aunt’s estate, he begins to act out his performance, taking on the role of a noble but poor relative who came to visit the aunt who once benefited him, but does not want her to find out about his semi-beggarly existence, and introduces himself as a retired colonel. His speech consists of cleverly assembled roles played by him on stage. He constantly finds himself in ridiculous situations due to the fact that behind his game he does not see the real life happening in the estate. In essence, he plays a role in his aunt's play, supporting her reputation as a benefactress with his behavior. But, having finally seen the truth, Neschastlivtsev reveals himself as an intelligent and worldly experienced person. Anticipating the behavior of his aunt, he achieves his goal: he unties the knots of intrigue and leads the love line to a happy ending.
The main actors of this theater have their own doubles in life. Housekeeper Ulita mirrors the behavior of her mistress: both strive for pleasure and both buy gentlemen for themselves (Gurmyzhskaya with money, Ulita with infusion). Neschastlivtsev’s double is his stage colleague, actor Schastlivtsev. If Neschastlivtsev, an aristocrat among actors, in his play plays an aristocrat among the nobles of a retired colonel, then Schastlivtsev, a comedian little known in theatrical circles, plays an aristocrat among the servants of a foreign lackey.
In a play there are not only actors, but also spectators. These are the neighbors of Gurmyzhskaya. Ostrovsky needs them not only to expand the scope of the society he describes, but also as spectators for whom this performance is performed.
Quotes from literary works are widely used in the play. This helps to more fully characterize the heroes of the Forest, drawing parallels between them and the heroes of other dramatic works (Moliere, Cervantes).
Surnames and names emphasize the main character traits of the characters. For example, Raisa translated from Greek means light, ready. Her surname comes from the name of Persian pearls. This is a hint of the features of oriental voluptuousness in her character. Translated from Greek, Gennady means noble, and Ksenia (Aksyusha) is a guest, a wanderer, a foreigner.
So, the test of life in the theater ends with the defeat of the latter and the triumph of living and sincere feelings. The play ends with Neschastlivtsev’s monologue, which smoothly transitions into the monologue of Karl Moor from Schiller’s Robbers, in which he accuses the Penkov society of indifference and selfishness. Gurmyzheky no longer plays a role, but expresses his feelings in the words of the great playwright. Art itself seems to come to his aid. The actor brings the play to the finale, summing up the main conclusion: ComediansNo, we are artists, and you are comedians... You are comedians, jesters, not us... he proclaims. A poor actor wins a moral victory over hypocrites who live only for themselves.
Ostrovsky says that you should never forget that you are human, that nobility and mutual assistance are the qualities that help poor people survive in the difficult theater of life around them. The playwright pronounces a verdict on a society that has built its relations on deception and hypocrisy; he shows the nobility as a class leaving the historical arena, replaced by the merchants.