Sarcasm is the meaning of the word. What is sarcasm What is sarcasm in literature

SARKASM, -a, m. (book_). 1. A caustic mockery, an evil irony. In the voice sounds with. 2. A caustic, mocking remark.

Watch value SARCASM in other dictionaries

Sarcasm- m. sarcastic mockery, sharp, caustic.
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Sarcasm- sarcasm, m. (from the Greek sarkasmos - torment) (book). 1. only units A caustic mockery, caustic irony. His speech was full of sarcasm. 2. Caustic-mocking remark. Throw in sarcasm.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

Sarcasm M.- 1. Evil, caustic mockery, caustic irony. 2. A caustic, caustic-mocking remark, expression.
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova

Sarcasm- Evil, caustic mockery, caustic irony. Sarcastic - expressing sarcasm, full of sarcasm.
Political vocabulary

Sarcasm- -A; m. [Greek. sarkazō (sarkasmos) - I tear meat]
1. Acerbic mockery, caustic irony. Speak and respond with sarcasm. Acrid, evil s.
2. A caustic remark. Stab with sarcasm. Throw in sarcasm.
Explanatory Dictionary of Kuznetsov

Sarcasm- Borrowed from French, where sarcasme goes back to the Greek sarcasmos.
Etymological Dictionary of Krylov

Sarcasm- (Greek sarkasmos - from sarkazo, lit. - I tear meat), stinging mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on ........
Big encyclopedic Dictionary

Sarcasm- - I tear the meat - a caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional ........
Historical dictionary

Sarcasm shows the sharpness of a person's mind.

Sarcasm allows you to subtly make fun of politicians and other narrow-minded inhabitants.

Sarcasm gives you self-satisfaction and helps you vent negative emotions.

The scientific definition is: “Sarcasm (Greek σαρκασμ?ς, from σαρκ?ζω, literally “to tear [meat]”) —

one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony,

based not only on the heightened contrast of implied and expressed,

but also on the immediate deliberate exposure of the implied "

Agree, this definition is too "dry" and does not give answers to many questions.

Sarcasm is a mockery of a person, object or phenomenon.

Sarcasm is always negative.

However, sarcasm is not just a sarcastic joke, it is the ability to construct a sentence in such a way that

not to openly declare their disdain.

Those. sarcasm is "veiled" ridicule.

For example: If you are upset by the thinking abilities of a person, then you can tell him this:

"You, Ivan Ivanovich, are a complete idiot!"

However, such a phrase sounds very hostile.

Moreover, if Ivan Ivanovich is not your friend, but just an acquaintance, because friends such a phrase, most likely,

taken as a subtle joke.

Or you can say this phrase in a different way, using the skill of speaking with sarcasm:

“Ivan Ivanovich, your mental skills amaze me with their unimaginable depth!” How does it sound!

Ivan Ivanovich will not understand what you are hinting at, but you will feel like a kind of tough guy.

Thus, we come to the main purpose of sarcasm.

Sarcasm is the ability to tell people the bitter truth in the face, passing it off as a subtle joke.

Sarcasm is merciless!

And therefore, sarcasm very often is not just incriminating, and sometimes even offensive.

Sarcasm is used politicians, show business stars and scientists with big names.

And this means that both a good person and a bad person can use sarcasm.

Sarcasm is a verbal weapon.

Sarcasm sounds witty, and therefore loved by people.

Sarcasm can be obvious, or it can be veiled and understandable only to the speaker.

If you want to mock someone sarcastically, then correctly assess the mental abilities of your “victim”.

Your interlocutor may be smarter than you, and therefore your sarcasm will be answered with even more cruel mockery,

then you will lose "on your own field".

The main thing is to understand what goal you are pursuing using sarcasm.

Do you want your interlocutor to understand your ridicule, or do you want to convey the essence of ridicule to third parties.

Psychologists say that sarcasm is a sign of a healthy mind.

People often use sarcasm unconsciously. At the same time, comedians never use sarcasm.

Sarcasm does not cause stormy joys and fun, like ordinary humor.

Therefore, never use sarcasm in public, as politicians and other public figures do.

It's like black PR.

After all, almost any judgment can be used for a sarcastic response.

Sarcasm is often used by writers.

Sarcasm developed during the development of Greek and Roman philosophy.

Many philosophers have used sarcasm to ridicule totalitarian and stupid bureaucrats and rulers.

Later, during the Renaissance, sarcasm received a vivid reflection both in literary works,

as well as in painting.

Those mockeries that could not be expressed in words were expressed in pictures.

IN modern world sarcasm has made its way to the internet.

Almost everyone uses sarcasm on the Internet.

Someone makes sarcastic memes, someone blogs, expressing their hatred in the form of sarcastic notes

and records.

Sarcasm on the Internet has gradually deformed. Sarcasm has turned into "trolling".

Of course, trolling is not only sarcasm.

People who engage in trolling are quite obviously called "trolls".

The word "trolling" did not come from the word "troll", but from the word "trolling", which means "to fish with a lure." T

Rollies write provocative messages on the Internet, making others angry, furious,

as well as other warm feelings.

The main weapon of the troll was and is sarcasm.

The troll is easy to spot.

“Man must necessarily eat meat. It's so laid down by nature"

Or more subtly (subtle trolling): “Scientists conducted an experiment. They took two lions: one was fed a small

amount of meat, and the other - a large number of vegetables.

A week later, the vegetarian lion died.”

Conclusions and results

Sarcasm is a subtle sarcastic joke.

Although sarcasm has a negative connotation, people will always use it.

Sarcasm is the ability to show yourself as smart and others as stupid.

If you do not understand the essence of this article, then your mental skills do not meet adequate standards :)

Sarcasm(Greek σαρκασμός, from σαρκάζω, literally “to tear the flesh”) - one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied.

Story

Sarcasm is a mockery that can open with a positive judgment, but in general it always contains a negative connotation and indicates a lack of a person, object or phenomenon, that is, in relation to what it is happening. Like satire, sarcasm involves the fight against hostile phenomena of reality through ridiculing them. Ruthlessness, harshness of exposure - a distinctive feature of sarcasm. Unlike irony, sarcasm is the expression of the highest degree of indignation, hatred. Sarcasm is never a characteristic technique of a comedian who, revealing the funny in reality, depicts it always with a certain amount of sympathy and sympathy.

The comic element in a sarcastic denunciation can be quite negligible. In sarcasm, indignation is expressed quite openly. With such sarcasm, for example, Lermontov speaks of his generation: “we are rich, barely from the cradle, with the mistakes of our fathers and their late mind ...”, and concludes his “Duma” with a caustic comparison of the attitude of future generations towards him with “a bitter mockery of a deceived son over a squandered father."

Due to its direct impact, sarcasm is a form of exposure, equally inherent in journalism, polemics, oratory, and fiction. That is why sarcasm is especially widely used in conditions of acute political struggle. Developed political life Greece and Rome gave rise to high examples of sarcasm in Demosthenes, Cicero and Juvenal.

Deep sarcasm was imbued with the work of the fighters of the young bourgeoisie against feudalism. Rabelais, a humanist who fought against the constraint of consciousness by theology and scholastic science, directs arrows of sarcasm against scholastic scientists, deriving from the word "Sorbonne" mocking "sorbonates", "sorbonides", etc. Voltaire widely used the technique of sarcasm to expose the Roman Catholic Church and her ministers in his pamphlets, and especially in The Virgin of Orleans. In Voltaire's pamphlets, sarcasm against the Church rose to pathos of indignation in the oft-repeated ending: "Ecrasez l'infâme" (Crush the vermin). Swift's sarcasms are extremely diverse in his exposure of various aspects of the social life of his contemporary England.

In popular culture

The Big Bang Theory mentions sign "sarcasm" which has become an internet meme.

Examples

Examples of sarcasms that have become aphorisms:

• The capitalists are ready to sell us a rope on which we will hang them (Vladimir Lenin)
• If the patient really wants to live, the doctors are powerless (Faina Ranevskaya)
• Only the Universe and human stupidity are infinite. Although I have doubts about the first one (Albert Einstein)

What is sarcasm: meaning and application

Sarcasm: what is it for the current generation? A way to humiliate the interlocutor or just to laugh witty, hiding your mockery well behind words that are incomprehensible to the “victim”? Recently, the special social activity of adolescents, the word "sarcasm" has lost itself, instead of it, the concept of "trolling" has come into use. But what is the true meaning of the word "sarcasm", when should it be used, and how is it different from trolling?

What is sarcasm

If you quote all the common truths, then this is the highest degree of irony. Sarcasm is a well-hidden mockery of an opponent. Just by insulting someone in plain text, you can feel like an outright boor or even cattle. But if you disguise your caustic expression in front of the interlocutor, express what you want to him and at the same time remain unnoticed, receiving in response only an awkward, barely smiling nod due to a misunderstanding of what was said, then there is no longer such a feeling that you are the last inhabitant of the most untidy local tavern. From here, answering the question of what sarcasm is, we can approach the main indispensable detail of such a mockery. Sarcasm is not just an opportunity to laugh at a person, it is the ability to express something negative in his face, hiding what was said in a kind of joke. It is absolutely merciless in nature, since it is designed to expose the opponent. Therefore, sarcasm is often harsh and does not “soften the corners”, sometimes even not weakly offending the interlocutor. This technique is very fond of using people from TV screens, namely the hosts of various shows, politicians, various stars and so on. Since the current generation has advanced quite a lot, it is now very fashionable to post sarcastic messages on personal micro-blogs on Twitter and Vkontakte. So, if we talk about what sarcasm is now, then this is often a way to humiliate a person in public, using their instant information dissemination capabilities (it is enough for a famous person to write just one tweet so that the entire Internet community is aware of the matter in the next few minutes).

The difference between the meanings of "sarcasm" and "trolling"

If you do not go into details, then these two concepts really strongly resemble each other, however, the new term (relatively) does not quite accurately convey the idea of ​​sarcasm. This enchanting taunt must be properly managed, because in some cases the opponent may simply be smarter, responding with a much stronger sarcastic expression. You should also think about whether you would like the interlocutor to understand the mockery, or do you need the other listeners to understand it? It is important. However, this does not matter if the "victim" does not know what sarcasm is, in which case the mockery will not come out interesting enough. Trolls use sarcasm as one of their main tools to mock and ridicule their "victims". They do it for no reason, often not with the aim of showing themselves smarter, and others - dumber - which is why sarcasm itself is needed - but only for humiliation and just for the sake of arguing from scratch. But be that as it may, sarcasm will always be alive, because although it does not carry anything positive in itself, however, it makes a person feel a little more pleasant when sarcastic expressions turn out to be really successful.

What is sarcasm

What is sarcasm? After asking this question to several of my friends, I got very similar answers - this is an indirect, veiled joke on the other person's shortcoming. Indeed, why don’t you feed us with bread, we are drawn to “pin up” the interlocutor, while we ourselves are able to easily take offense at such manifestations in our direction?

Scientists have proven that sarcasm in moderation is useful, as it helps our brains work and distinguish humor from really negative attitudes towards our person.

What is sarcasm for those who constantly practice it? Probably, a way of self-expression, a way to rise, humiliating another, but at the same time looking not in the best light. Psychologists have already started talking here - they advise those who use this weapon constantly, and even several times a day, to be wary. For the most part, such people have complexes, they are not always satisfied with themselves, and so that no one else notices this, they act first. After all, as you know, the best defense is an attack.

The meaning of the word sarcasm is defined as follows - an evil grin aimed at enhancing the contrast between the caustic remark made and reality. By the way, on the Internet on forums, many people write that this category is not always negative, sometimes it's fun and pleasant to play a trick on others, and both sides like this kind of mockery.

Of course, there are exceptions, especially when you are in a circle of close friends about whom you know almost everything, you make fun of this or that episode from life - this is not a reason to classify yourself as a category of people about whom it was written above. For those, psychologists advise to look to the root and, possibly, turn to a specialist, because some, if they want to use evil language less, they simply cannot. So what is sarcasm? Some kind of bad habit.

Very often, irony and sarcasm are used in our speech as synonyms, but this is not true. We have already figured out what sarcasm is, but you need to understand how it differs from irony. Irony, as you know, is often found in literature, that is, it is a way to convey something absurd to the reader, but without exposing it in a negative light.

Of course, sarcasm is also used by writers, but in completely different genres. Many authors-publicists resort to this tool in their articles to expose reality, to reveal the truth, which may be hidden from readers.

By the way, recently on one radio station there was a show dedicated to the topic “Sarcasm - what is it?” In which people spoke ambiguously. I, as an author, am interested, of course, in a subjective opinion, but I liked the girl, based on specific facts, much more.

So, she said that in some study, our, domestic psychologists decided to recreate a certain situation in which people were subjected to various emotional tests. As a result, it turned out that they were sarcastic towards their "colleagues" in misfortune when their actions caused the strongest negative emotions.

Experts, based on this, concluded that often hatred is simply hidden behind the mask of sarcasm, which the source (person) tries to carefully disguise with a joke. It turns out that sarcasm is anger and negativity. But really, it’s worth thinking about, because we rather confuse the meaning of the word “sarcasm” in the circle of friends with the interpretation of irony. However, with less pleasant people we are sharp on the tongue. There is a grain of truth in the study.

Summarize. What is sarcasm, if not an evil grin aimed at emphasizing the shortcomings of another person? Probably a game of contrasts used by writers, politicians, presenters and many other public people to create a vivid and memorable speech. It is up to each of us to choose in what doses and for what purpose to use such a dangerous weapon, which, if not used incorrectly, is fraught, if not with conflicts, at least with misunderstanding and hidden resentment.

What is the meaning of the word sorcasm?

Lyolya

Sarcasm is one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied.

More details - here http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcasm

Marchturkish

It is characterized by merciless and sharp ridicule of something. Often used in various journalistic works.
Sarcasm is a bad joke that expresses a disapproving attitude towards an object or phenomenon that is ridiculed.

Anton

The correct spelling is "sarcasm".
Sarcasm is one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied.
Sarcasm is a harsh mockery that can open with a positive judgment, but in general it always contains a negative connotation and indicates a lack of a person, object or phenomenon, that is, in relation to what it is happening.
Like satire, sarcasm involves the fight against hostile phenomena of reality through ridiculing them. Ruthlessness, harshness of exposure - a distinctive feature of sarcasm. Unlike irony, sarcasm expresses the highest degree of indignation, hatred. Sarcasm is never a characteristic technique of a comedian who, revealing the funny in reality, depicts it always with a certain amount of sympathy and sympathy.
The comic element in a sarcastic denunciation can be quite negligible. In sarcasm, indignation is expressed quite openly. For example, M. Yu. Lermontov speaks with such sarcasm about his generation: “we are rich, barely from the cradle, with the mistakes of our fathers and their late mind ...”, and concludes his “Duma” with a caustic comparison of the attitude of future generations towards him with “bitter mockery deceived son over a squandered father.
Due to its direct impact, sarcasm is a form of exposure, equally inherent in journalism, polemics, oratory, and fiction. That is why sarcasm is especially widely used in conditions of acute political struggle. The developed political life of Greece and Rome gave rise to high examples of sarcasm in Demosthenes, Cicero and Juvenal.
Deep sarcasm was imbued with the work of the great fighters of the young bourgeoisie against feudalism. F. Rabelais, a humanist who fought against the constraint of consciousness by theology and scholastic science, directs arrows of sarcasm against scholastic scientists, deriving from the word "Sorbonne" derisive "sorbonates", "sorbonides", etc. M.-F. Voltaire widely used the technique of sarcasm to expose the church and its ministers in his pamphlets and especially in The Virgin of Orleans.
In Voltaire's pamphlets, sarcasm against the Church rose to the pathos of indignation in the oft-repeated ending: "Ecrasez l'infâme" ("Crush the vermin"). J. Swift's sarcasms are extremely diverse in his exposure of various aspects of the social life of his contemporary England.
Examples of aphorisms-sarcasms:
The capitalists are ready to sell us a rope on which we will hang them (Vladimir Lenin)
If the patient really wants to live, the doctors are powerless (Faina Ranevskaya)
Cursed be these interests of civilization, and even civilization itself, if in order to preserve it it is necessary to rip off the skin from people (Fyodor Dostoevsky)
Others do good with particular cruelty (Georgy Alexandrov)
When the state is not governed according to reason, then riches and honors are shameful (Confucius)
Only the Universe and human stupidity are infinite, while I have doubts about the infinity of the first of them (Albert Einstein)
Everyone fusses, lies for two, and everywhere a mercantile spirit (Alexander Pushkin)
A lazy person in careless peace is similar to motionless marsh water, which produces nothing except stench and despicable reptiles (Mikhail Lomonosov)

What does the word "sorcasm" mean?

Irina Kim

Sarcasm is one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied.
Sarcasm is a harsh mockery that can open with a positive judgment, but in general it always contains a negative connotation and indicates a lack of a person, object or phenomenon, that is, in relation to what it is happening.

glory of the robots

Sarcasm is a harsh mockery that can open with a positive judgment, but in general it always contains a negative connotation and indicates a lack of a person, object or phenomenon, that is, in relation to what it is happening.

Denis -

Sarcasm. =)
Sarcasm (Greek, from, literally) is one of the types of satirical exposure, caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied. Sarcasm is a harsh mockery that can open with a positive judgment, but in general it always contains a negative connotation and indicates a lack of a person, object or phenomenon, that is, in relation to what it is happening. Like satire, sarcasm involves a struggle with hostile phenomena of reality through ridicule of it. Ruthlessness, harshness of exposure - a distinctive feature of sarcasm. Unlike irony, sarcasm expresses the highest degree of indignation, hatred. Sarcasm is never a characteristic trick of a humorist who, revealing the funny in reality, depicts it always with a certain amount of sympathy and sympathy. The comic element in a sarcastic denunciation can be quite negligible. In sarcasm, indignation is expressed quite openly. With such sarcasm, for example, M. Yu. Lermontov speaks about his generation:, and concludes his caustic comparison of the attitude of future generations towards him with.

The verbal weapon that a person uses to ridicule people, objects or phenomena is called sarcasm. If we choose a more precise definition, then sarcasm is a caustic mockery, an evil irony of the highest degree of a negative nature, with the help of which one can express the bitter truth in a veiled way.

Why do people use sarcasm?

The concept of sarcasm first appeared in the Greek language and literally meaning of the word translates as "tear flesh, meat." In English literature, the term was officially introduced by Edmund Spenser, and, after some time, took root in the Russian language. The ability to express yourself sarcastically is a sign of a healthy, sharp mind. Sarcastic tricks can be used for different purposes:

• To plunge the opponent into the highest degree of humiliation, veiled and viciously mocking his abilities or behavior.
• To demonstrate some of the opponent's vices or shortcomings to third parties, while simultaneously showing his intelligence and ability to use sarcasm.
• To ridicule phenomena, events in political and public life.

Sarcasm in literature, it is, most often, a poisonous mockery of the regime, power, and political situation. The technique was actively used by ancient philosophers to ridicule the existing totalitarian system, the stupidity of those in power, officials and the bureaucratic system.

Examples of the use of sarcasm.

Some examples of sarcasm:

• You look great, have you lost weight? (Phrase to a girl who has noticeably recovered).
• Are you going to get a job as a top manager in a large company? Good luck! (Implies the lack of competence of the applicant).
• Did he kill four? But he's connected! Do not be afraid, I will not offend him (Implies inadequate assessment of the situation, excessive precaution).
• I love people who write wrong. (Implies the opposite - "I hate" "I can not stand").
• Will your team take first place in the championship? If only from the end. (Implies the weakness of the interlocutor's team and failure in the fight for the championship).
• Spartak has been without trophies for so many years! But no, how could we forget the Copa del Sol (Implies a trophy in a friendly tournament in the off-season, which is not valued. Such trophies, as a rule, do not count at all).

Basic characteristics of sarcasm.

It is a mistake to think that sarcasm and irony are similar concepts. - this is a technique used by writers and comedians when the joke looks kind, not malicious or caustic. In fact, irony is the same mockery, but in a positive or comic way. What is the difference between sarcasm and irony:

• Merciless.
• Evil, caustic.
• Humiliating.
• mocking.
• stinging.
• Bitter.
• With a hint of hate.
• Indignant.

Sarcasm is the weapon of smart politicians, with which they successfully ridicule the actions of opponents in public. Using a similar technique, you can "put in place" a deceived upstart in a team, making a caustic emphasis on the mental or professional abilities of a person. The sarcastic expression should be used carefully so that the evil joke is at the same time aimed at the target and not expressed directly. In the modern world, sarcasm has taken a slightly different form - trolling. It combines negativity, topicality, caustic mockery and provocation.

Sarcasm is always ridicule and malicious banter, in which you can show yourself as an intelligent person, and those around you as impenetrable fools.

Dictionary of Efremova

Sarcasm

1. m.
   1. Evil, caustic mockery, caustic irony.
   2. A caustic, caustic-mocking remark, expression.

Culturology. Dictionary-reference

Sarcasm

(Greek sarkasmos) - caustic mockery. Sarcasm contains a merciless, destructive assessment of a person or phenomenon, in contrast to irony, where a negative assessment is implied.

Ozhegov's dictionary

SARK A ZM, A, m.(book).

1. A caustic mockery, an evil irony. In the voice sounds with.

2. A caustic, derisive remark.

Dictionary of linguistic terms

Sarcasm

(other Greek σαρκάσμος

The most harsh, harsh expression of irony; caustic mockery; e.g. "there are horns and legs"; is activated in journalistic, artistic, colloquial styles.

Culture of speech communication: Ethics. Pragmatics. Psychology

Sarcasm

caustic mockery in the eyes or behind the eyes (both are bad). Often reveals an unkind character. Sexopsychologists see in this the sublimation of the sadistic inclinations of the individual.

Many of Chatsky's statements in A. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" are sarcastic.

encyclopedic Dictionary

Sarcasm

(Greek sarkasmos, from sarkazo, lit. - tear meat), caustic mockery, the highest degree of irony, based not only on the increased contrast of the implied and expressed, but also on the immediate intentional exposure of the implied: "The wolf took pity on the mare, left the tail and mane".

Dictionary Ushakov

Sarcasm

Sarka zm, sarcasm, husband.(from Greek sarkasmos - torment) ( books.).

1. only units A caustic mockery, caustic irony. His speech was full of sarcasm.

2. A caustic remark. Throw in sarcasm.

Terminological dictionary-thesaurus on literary criticism

Sarcasm

(from Greek sarcasmos - mockery

Rb: Aesthetic Categories in Literature

Genus: irony (1)

Example:

Half my lord, half merchant

Half wise, half ignorant,

Semi-scoundrel, but there is hope

What will finally be complete.

A. Pushkin. Epigram on gr. Vorontsova

* "If the essence of irony is in allegory, in a subtle hint, in sarcasm, the main thing is the extreme degree of emotional attitude, the high pathos of denial, turning into indignation" (AS Suleimanov).

"Gogol's irony sometimes becomes even sharper and turns into sarcasm - indignant and accusatory ridicule" (EG Rudneva). *