He became famous for his unusual literary style. His fables, where instead of people the participants are representatives of animals and insects, symbolizing certain human qualities and behaviors, always make sense, a message. "The moral of this fable is this" - has become a popular expression of the fabulist.
List of Krylov's fables
Why do we love Krylov's fables
Krylov's fables are familiar to every person, they are taught at school, read at leisure, read by adults and children. The works of this author are suitable for any category of readers. He himself washed away the fables to show this and teach something through not boring moralizing, but interesting fairy tales. The main characters of Krylov are usually animals, the author, using their example, shows various situations and a way out of them. Fables teach to be kind, honest, friendly. On the example of animal conversations, the essence of human qualities is revealed, vices are shown.
Take for example the most popular fables. "The Crow and the Fox" shows the narcissism of the bird, the way it shows and behaves, and the way the fox flatters her. This makes us remember situations from life, because now there are a lot of people who are capable of anything in order to get what they want, of course, going towards your goal is commendable, but if it does not harm others. So the fox in the fable did everything to get her cherished piece of cheese. This fable teaches you to be attentive to what you are told, and to the one who tells you this, not to trust and not to come off unfamiliar.
The Quartet fable shows us the Donkey, the Goat, the Bear and the Monkey who started to create a quartet, they all have neither skills nor hearing. Everyone perceived this fable differently, some thought that it ridiculed the meetings of literary societies, while others saw in this is an example of state councils. But in the end, we can say that this work teaches an elementary understanding that work requires knowledge and skills.
"Pig under the Oak" In it, the author reveals to the reader such qualities as ignorance, laziness, selfishness and ingratitude. These features are revealed thanks to the image of the Pig, for which the main thing in life is to eat and sleep, but she doesn’t even care where the acorns come from.
The main advantage of Krylov's fables is that their perception by a person is very easy, the lines are written in simple language, so they are easy to remember. Many people like fables and are still relevant today, because they are instructive, teach honesty, work and help the weak.
The beauty of Krylov's fables.
Ivan Andreevich Krylov is the most famous fabulist in the whole world. Children get acquainted with his instructive and wise works at an early age. Not a few generations grew up and were brought up on Krylov's fables.
A bit from the biography of Krylov.
The Krylov family lived in Tver. Father is not a rich man, an army captain. As a child, the young poet learned to write and read from his father, then he studied French. Krylov studied little, but read a lot and listened to common folk stories. And thanks to his self-development, he was one of the most educated people of his century. After the death of his father, as a teenager, he went with his family to St. Petersburg, where he entered the service.
After the army, he actively began his literary activity. The playwright first made translations, wrote tragedies, but later his soul became addicted to the satirical genre of literature.
In 1844, the writer died of pneumonia, and as a last gift to his friends and family, Krylov left a collection of fables. On the cover of each copy was engraved: "An offering in memory of Ivan Andreevich, at his request."
About Krylov's fables.
As mentioned above, Ivan Andreevich Krylov tried himself in various literary genres before settling on fables. He gave his works "for judgment" to friends, among whom were such as Dmitriev, Lobanov. When Krylov brought Dmitriev a translation from the French fables of Lafontaine, he exclaimed: “this is your true family; finally you found it."
Throughout his life, Ivan Andreevich published 236 fables. The poet also wrote satirical magazines. In all his humorous works, Krylov denounced the shortcomings of the Russian people, ridiculed the vices of man, and most importantly, he taught people moral and moral qualities.
Each Krylov's fable has its own structure, most often two parts are distinguished: morality (at the beginning or at the end of the work) and the fable itself. Ivan Andreevich basically showed and ridiculed the problems of society through the prism on the example of the animal world. The main characters of the fables are all kinds of animals, birds and insects. The fabulist described life situations in which the characters behaved inappropriately, then in morality Krylov taught his readers, showing how to get out of these situations.
This is the beauty of Krylov's fables, he taught people about life, he explained the norms of morality and etiquette using fairy tales as an example.
The fables of I. A. Krylov are an excellent school of observations of life, phenomena, characters. Fables are of interest both in dynamic plots and in the depiction of the characters of the characters, in particular animals, insects, birds. However, animals, insects and fish in fables, according to the exact expression of I. Franko, "wink at people with one eyebrow."
So, each read fable causes a person to think. Reading the fable “Demyan’s stew”, you understand: the story that the author tells is not at all about specific Demyan and Fok and not about stew and excessive
hospitality. Demyan personifies such traits as obsession, captiousness, importunity, inability to respect the desires of another person.
And the fable also teaches: beautiful intentions do not always have good consequences. The inability to work together, worrying about the common cause, and not about their own tastes, is personified by the characters of the fable “Swan, Pike and Cancer”. The last line of this fable - "And only things are still there" - has become a catch phrase. Sometimes with the help of these words they characterize the state of affairs of a person who is not able to complete what he started.
The fable helps to understand: before you take
For some business, you need to carefully weigh both your capabilities and the capabilities of your accomplices. Otherwise, “only torment” will come out of that case.
The ignoramus is exposed by I. A. Krylov in the fable “Monkey and Glasses”. Some people are very similar to the characters in the fable: they are not able to understand some phenomenon, they object or forbid it. Many characters in the fables of I. A. Krylov seem to have come from folk tales.
In the fable "The Crow and the Fox" it is the tricks that help the fox to take possession of a piece of cheese. But the fable condemns not cunning and trickery, but sycophancy and those who believe in any words, if only they were pleasant. So, the fables of I. A. Krylov expose various shortcomings of human characters and teach the art of living with dignity.
It is known that the plots of many fables originated in antiquity, but fabulists from different countries use them to write new works. How a new work arises on the basis of a well-known plot, let's try to explore this using the example of the fables of Aesop and Krylov. Aesop is a legendary poet who is considered the founder of the fable genre. Aesop's fables are prosaic, narrative, concise.
The main attention is paid to the clash between the carriers of certain traits or different life positions. In the fable “Vovka and the Lamb”, the characters of the characters are clearly defined: the Lamb personifies defenselessness, Vovka - strength. The moral follows from the tale itself: a just defense is not valid for those who set out to commit injustice.
Unlike Aesop, Krylov placed the moral of his fable at the beginning, but the development of events in the fable is not perceived as a simple illustration of the moral “In the strong, the powerless guilty forever ...”.
For Krylov, the wolf becomes the embodiment of an inexorable evil force, cruelty and self-will, and the development of the plot before our eyes reveals the mechanism of action of this cruel force. Readers become like witnesses to everything that happens to the characters. At the beginning of the fable, the Lamb is not afraid of Vovka, because he does not harm anyone and does not raise the established rules. The senseless accusations that Vovka makes are easily refuted by Lamb.
There is a sense of dignity in the answers of the Lamb. For a moment, it even seems to readers that it was the Lamb who drove Vovka into a dead corner, since the predator has no more arguments to accuse. But it does not at all follow from this that after meeting with Vovka, the Lamb will remain intact. Quite the contrary.
Each worthy answer of the Lamb infuriates Vovka even more. In the end, the masterful predator gets tired of looking for the guilt of his victim and he shows his essence. The last words of the fable: “He said - and Vovka dragged the Lamb into the dark forest” - at the same time expected and unexpected.
The reader knew from the very beginning that this was bound to happen, but, watching the development of events, he hoped that the Lamb would still prove his innocence.
So, in the fables of Aesop and Krylov, there is a plot, characters and even morality in common. Aesop's fable is written in prose, and Krylov's in verse. But, in my opinion, the most important thing that distinguishes these two fables is the reader's perception of the works.
Aesop's fable is addressed, so to speak, to the mind of the reader. And Krylov's fable is to his heart.
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We love to read fables since childhood. Many of us have images from fables that pop up in our heads in certain situations. These stories, small in size, but with a deep meaning, teach us the mind and accompany us through life.
What is a fable?
A fable is a short moralizing story that has an allegorical satirical character. In fables, as a rule, the characters are not people, but animals that have human personal qualities: cunning - a fox, stubbornness - crayfish or sheep, wisdom - an owl, stupidity - a monkey. The subjects can also act as the protagonists of these short stories.
The speech form of a fable is either prose or poetry. In fables, motives of social criticism are quite often present, but human vices and wrong deeds are often ridiculed.
The emergence of satirical stories-fables in Rus'
A fable is a story that appeared in Rus' as a translation of Aesop's writings in the early 17th century. The first translator was Fedor Kasyanovich Gozvinsky. It was he who first introduced the definition of a fable as a literary genre. It was believed that a fable is a small work in prose or verse, which is built on the principles of allegory and contains a moralizing character. The truth was revealed through a false story.
In the 18th century, Antioch D.K., Trediakovsky V.K., Sumarokov A.P., Khemnitser I.I. worked in this genre. They translated fable stories, mainly Aesop, as well as the works of European fabulists: H. Gellert, G. Lessing, T. Moore, Jean de La Fontaine.
It was Ivan Ivanovich Khemnitser who was the first to start creating his own fable. In 1779, his collection was published under the title "Fables and Tales of NN in Verse". Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev continued the tradition of publishing his own fables, who tried to form a new, own approach to literature. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, the works of Izmailov A.E. were popular. However, the most significant contribution to the development of the fable genre is considered to be the work of the great classic Ivan Andreevich Krylov. Derzhavin, Polotsky, Khvostov, Fonvizin, Bedny and many others also addressed this genre at different times.
What is a metaphor
A fable is a work in which the authors use metaphors - a kind of paths in which properties are transferred from one object to another. A metaphor is a covert simile in which the main words are actually omitted but implied. So, for example, human negative qualities (stubbornness, cunning, flattery) are transferred to animals or inanimate objects.
fable animals
In fact, the fable is heroes-animals with a human character. They act like a person. Cunning is peculiar to the fox, deceit - to the snake. Goose, as a rule, is identified with stupidity. Leo is assigned courage, bravery and courage. An owl is considered wise, and a ram or donkey is stubborn. Each of the characters must have one feature person. The moralized natural history of animals from the fables was eventually framed in a series of collections known collectively as The Physiologist.
The concept of morality in a fable
A fable is a short story of an instructive nature. We often think that we should not think about what we read and look for a secret meaning in words. However, this is fundamentally wrong if we want to learn to better understand each other. It is necessary to learn from a fable, to ponder it. The moral of the fable is its brief moralizing conclusion. It covers the entire problem rather than focusing on any particular episode. The fables are written in such a way that a person not only laughs at its content, but also understands his own miscalculations and at least tries to improve for the better.
The benefits of fables
The problems of life that are ridiculed in fables are limitless and endless. Laziness, lies, stupidity, ignorance, boasting, stubbornness, greed are most often criticized. Each of us can find a character similar to himself in fables. All the situations that are described in these small satirical stories are very vital and realistic. Thanks to irony, the fable teaches not only to notice certain vices in oneself, but also makes one attempt to improve oneself. Reading humorous works of this nature has a very beneficial effect on the psychological health of a person.
In fables, among other things, the political system of the state, the social problems of society and generally accepted counterfeit values are often ridiculed.
The fable "The Crow and the Fox" - what is the moral?
Perhaps this is one of the most famous creations of Krylov. The author warns his readers - you can not be too gullible, follow everyone's lead. Do not blindly believe those who flatter and praise you for no reason. After all, it is known that by nature a crow cannot sing, but she still believed in the laudatory odes of a cunning fox. Significantly, the author does not condemn the quick-witted fox. Rather, he criticizes the stupidity of the bird, saying that you need to believe only in what you see and know for sure.
Fable "Convoy" - for children or adults?
In this work, Krylov compares the actions of a young horse and a more experienced one (a good horse). The old horse moves slowly, unhurriedly, thinking through each step in order to lower the cart safe and sound. But a young and too boastful horse considers himself better and smarter and constantly reproaches the old horse. In the end, everything ends sadly.
A fable is a display of historical events. "Convoy" is just such a work. The author identifies the heroes of the fable with the participants in the battle of Austrelitz, which took place in 1805. Mikhail Kutuzov, who was a brilliant commander, quite often retreated and delayed major battles, knowing and understanding the weakness of his army. However, Emperor Alexander I did not like this state of affairs at all. It was just before that ill-fated battle that he decided to take the situation into his own hands and lead the army, which led to the defeat of the Russian-Austrian coalition.
The fable can be called an unusual literary creation. Despite the small size and number of characters, it always raises an important issue and there is a moral lesson.
What do the fables of I. Krylov teach
Krylov, a famous fabulist, worked very skillfully in this genre. His short but very instructive fables will be useful for anyone to read, regardless of age. The author, organically using images of animals instead of people, gives the reader valuable moral lessons. What are they? The answer is simple: literature teaches to live and fables are no exception. Thanks to these small texts, you can draw conclusions for yourself about the surrounding reality:
- The world is not as simple as it seems.
- On the path of life there are different people - honest and deceitful, noble and dishonorable, generous and greedy.
- In the world there are constant contradictions between good and bad.
- Sooner or later everyone will have to answer for their actions.
In a fable, everything is built on opposites. The author deliberately plays on the contrast in order to simply and easily lead the reader to the main idea, to the disclosure of morality. Krylov in his fables speaks of all the above problems. He contrasts the characters and essences of different people (hidden under the images of animals) and draws parallels between them.
The moral of the fable by I. Krylov "The Eagle and the Bee"
This fable shows two completely different representatives of the animal world. The eagle is strong and arrogant, proud to fly high in the sky and intimidate other animals. All his strength and respect is built on fear. The bee, small and agile, refines its comb every day by working hard. The eagle reproaches the bee that her work is useless for herself, that there are many bees like her and no one will notice her work. The bee replies to the Eagle that it does not work for its own benefit, but for the benefit of a common cause that will bear fruit.
The moral is that people from different walks of life see the world differently. Someone does not want to work for the common good, only boasts of himself and his high position. Another works every day, trying to be useful, investing strength and effort in a common cause. It is such a person who can achieve the honor of others and a strong position in society.
Essay on Krylov's fables - Grade 5
Option 1
Famous, world-famous fabulist. Each of his works is an instructive masterpiece. From childhood, teachers and parents give us Krylov's fables to read so that we grow up and are educated on the right examples and morals.
So, famous work Ivan Andreevich's "Quartet" teaches us to be more self-critical. Indeed, according to the plot of the fable, the problem was not at all in how the animals were seated, but in the fact that they did not possess the necessary talents. The Dragonfly and the Ant makes you think about the fact that everything needs to be planned in advance, because then there may not be time to think. The moral of the work "The Swan, the Cancer and the Pike" is that none of it will be brought to its logical end until the people related to it find a common language and begin to act together, together.
You can retell Krylov and talk about the meaning inherent in each of them endlessly. The most important thing is to understand why they were written. My opinion is for education. Each work ends with a certain morality, which should be laid in the hearts of children and adults.
First of all, the fables of Ivan Andreevich, the great writer, teach us to be kind to each other. Another important moral is honesty. You never need to lie, because the most sophisticated lies will still spill out. Some fables say that you should always be yourself, and most importantly, be able to find a way out of any situation. Krylov tells that envy is one of the worst human feelings, and the desire to learn and improve will positively affect each of us.
It is thanks to such morals that the fables of the famous Ivan Andreevich Krylov will be useful not only to schoolchildren, but also to some adults who in the future will be able to set a good, kind example for their children.
Comparison of the fables "Quartet" and "Swan, Cancer and Pike"
Ivan Andreevich Krylov is a great Russian fabulist who made the fable not only a sharply satirical work, but raised it to an unprecedented height. His works are not only original, highly artistic, but they have not lost their significance even today.
Krylov in his fables not only criticized the tsarist government, the government and officials, in many of his works he satirically portrayed and ridiculed specific events and certain historical figures. So, in the fable of the Quartet, the poet ridiculed the State Council and its leaders, who turned out to be incapable and helpless in the face of specific political tasks.
Krylov turns his satire against empty talkers and ignoramuses. The fable was written a year after the State Council formed by Alexander I took up his duties. The tsar divided it into four departments, with noble nobles at the head: Prince Lopukhin (Kozel), Count Arakcheev (Bear), Zavadovsky (Donkey), Mordvinov (Monkey).
naughty monkey,
Yes, clubfoot Mishka;
They decided to play a quartet
They hit the bows, they tear, but there is no sense.
And so the longest disputes began about which of the nobles to command which of the departments. Several times they had to change roles at the will of the king, until finally, the roles were finally distributed:
Here, more than ever, they went to analyze
Who and how to sit.
But the wise Nightingale people understand the necessary condition for the well-coordinated game of the quartet of the work of the State Council professionalism:
To be a musician, you need skill
And your ears are softer
Nightingale answers them.
And almost like an aphorism, the words of the verdict sound short and categorical:
And you, friends, no matter how you sit down.
All musicians are no good.
Krylov, on behalf of the people, all sane people ... says that in order to engage in politics, the affairs of the state, it is not enough just to belong to the upper class by birth, special education and culture, a natural mind and the ability of a speaker are needed. The appointed nobles are deprived of all this, and therefore there was no sense in their activities.
Krylov continues the same theme in the fable Swan, Cancer and Pike. The volume of the fable is quite small, but this does not detract from its dignity. She is sharply satirical; the morality given by the author at the beginning of the work helps readers to tune in to the right mood, immediately and accurately understand the author's thoughts, veiled in Aesopian language. Krylov's contemporaries perfectly understood the poet's allegories.
Once a Swan, Cancer and Pike
Carried with luggage, they took it,
And together the three all harnessed themselves to it;
They are climbing out of their skin, but the cart is still not moving!
Luggage would seem to them easy,
Yes, the swan breaks into the clouds,
Cancer moves back, and Pike pulls into the water.
The skill of Ivan Andreevich lies in the universality of his works. Written for specific events, due to their ambiguity, they can be applied to any suitable moment. They exist outside of time and space, this is their main advantage. They are as relevant today as they were a hundred years ago. How to explain this phenomenon. He has many components: this is Krylov's talent, which found its way out in satire, in the genre of fables. And the beautiful, figurative and concise language that the author uses so skillfully, moving from literary to colloquial, even sometimes dialectal. And of course, knowledge of the material that Ivan Andreevich writes about.
Krylov borrows his images from folklore, thanks to this writer, detailed characteristics of heroes are not needed, stereotypes have already developed over the centuries. By this he achieves conciseness and accuracy of characteristics, an unmistakable hit in the truth.
Krylov is a truly folk writer, an artist of great power, his influence on Russian literature was enormous. Ivan Andreevich studied such masters of the word as,. In our time, Krylov's fables have found a new life. They are still struggling with hypocrisy and hypocrisy, vulgarity and arrogance - this is the secret of their longevity.
What is condemned in Krylov's fables
The fables of Ivan Andreevich Krylov, the great Russian fabulist, are familiar to everyone. Krylov became a classic during his lifetime - his fables were highly appreciated by his contemporaries.
Krylov was a real master of the word: he wrote his fables briefly, intelligibly, very expressive, but at the same time simple and understandable language.
Like Aesop, the founder of the fable genre, and La Fontaine, a French fabulist who lived in the 17th century, Krylov ridiculed human vices and shortcomings in his fables. Animals acting as characters in Krylov's fables embody human qualities, and the author in an allegorical manner condemns the vices of people and society.
For example, in the fables “The Pig under the Oak”, “The Rooster and the Pearl Seed”, “The Monkey and Glasses”, the author ridicules ignorance. In the fables "Quartet" and "Musicians" - the incompetence of those who do not take on their own business. In the fable "Elephant and Pug" - boasting. In the fable "The Crow and the Fox" - flattery and stupidity ...
But in the fable "The Wolf and the Lamb" Krylorv condemns the tyranny and arbitrariness of the authorities. It is not for nothing that the first line of this fable is “For the strong, the weak is always to blame.”
Many lines of Krylov's fables have turned into proverbs and sayings over the years, for example: “And Vaska listens and eats”, “And the chest just opened”, Krylov's fables, which are more than a century old, remain surprisingly modern in the 21st century.
The universal meaning of the fables of I. A. Krylov
The works of the great Russian fabulist I. A. Krylov brought him not only fame, but also popular love. In his fables, Krylov ridicules human shortcomings and vices of society, opposes injustice and lawlessness.
In the fable "The Donkey and the Nightingale", the Donkey acts not only as a listener, but also as a judge for the little forest singer. We know perfectly well that a stupid and stubborn animal is too far from art to be able to appreciate the masterful performance of a nightingale, but the Donkey has his own opinion on this matter:
It's a pity that I don't know
You are with our rooster;
Even if you were more aggravated,
If only I could learn a little from him.
It becomes funny to us, because each of us at least once met with people who are trying to judge what they do not understand at all.
In the fable "Pike" I. A. Krylov with humor denounces the powers that be, who are always ready to shield each other ("hand washes hand"). For all the crimes committed by her in the pond, the robber Pike is decided to be "delivered to a shameful execution." Fox-Procurator, which Pike "supplyed the fish table", offers the judges to drown the culprit in the river, to which they ignorantly agree.
However, not in all fables are evil and treacherous swindlers deceiving honest dupes. The wolf, who wanted to climb into the sheepfold, but ended up in the kennel, was waiting for a completely different fate. The wise answer of the experienced Huntsman was found to the wolf's cunning:
... my custom:
With wolves, otherwise do not make the world,
Like skinning them off.
The skill of Krylov the fabulist is manifested not only in the choice of ideas and plots for his works, but also in the aphorism of the language, its proximity to colloquial folk speech. Therefore, it is not surprising that many phrases and expressions reflect reality so accurately that they easily entered the spoken language and became proverbs and sayings known to everyone.
Exposing the vices of man and society in the fables of I. A. Krylov”
Composition “Revelation of the vices of man and society in the fables of I. A. Krylov“ In his satirical fables, Ivan Andreevich Krylov acts as an accuser of the vices of autocratic-feudal Russia. Moreover, the sting of his satire is directed both against the shortcomings inherent in individuals and against social phenomena that hinder the development of the country along the path of progress.
An example of the first group of fables is The Mirror and the Monkey.
Monkey, in the Mirror seeing his image,
Quietly Bear's foot:
“Look,” he says, my dear godfather!
What kind of a face is that?
What antics and jumps she has!
I would choke myself with longing,
If only she looked a little bit like her…”
The Monkey refers to people who see the shortcomings of others, but do not notice their own, even if a mirror is placed in front of them. Mishka's answer serves as a lesson to such people:
Isn't it better to turn on yourself, godfather?
However, the moral of the fable is wider than its immediate content. In it, I. A. Krylov points to such a social vice as bribes:
That Klimych is unclean at hand, everyone knows this;
They read about bribes to Klimych,
And he furtively nods at Peter.
As an example of the works of the second group, one can cite the fable of I. A. Krylov "Pike". It contains a sharp political satire on the judicial system of Tsarist Russia.
A denunciation was filed against Pike,
That life in the pond was gone from her;
The evidence is represented by a whole cart…
But Lisa acted as the Prosecutor at the trial. However:
... a rumor went among the people,
That Pike Fox supplied the fish table ...
The cunning Fox proposes to endure the pond predator, at first glance, a harsh punishment:
Hang a little, I would have determined her execution,
Which we have not seen here forever:
So that it was henceforth for rogues both scary and dangerous -
So drown her in the river. - "Wonderful!" -
Judges scream. On that, everything was agreed upon.
And they threw Pike into the river!
That is, in fact, with the appearance of punishment, the criminal was given the opportunity to continue to manage her thieves' deeds. Only now it is no longer in the pond, but in the river.
I think that the satirical fables of I. A. Krylov have not lost their significance even today.
The strong always have the powerless to blame
The fables of I. A. Krylov are already more than two hundred years old, but their images are still alive and recognizable. This is because the great fabulist did not invent the characters of his characters, but observed them in life. Krylov's fables are a burning satire on tyrant officials, they are aimed at ridiculing human vices: laziness, cowardice, hypocrisy.
Comparing the two fables of I. Krylov: “The Wolf and the Lamb” and “The Crow and the Fox”, one can find a lot in common in them. The strength of the Wolf is that he is more than a little Lamb and feels his impunity. But, despite this, he, of course, understands that he is doing wrong, his conscience is not clear. Therefore, the Wolf, “to give the matter at least a legitimate look and sense,” begins to be hypocritical. He is trying to make the weak Lamb guilty, who can only oppose strength with his honesty. The lamb boldly answers the questions of the Wolf, but his fate is to be eaten. “You are to blame for the fact that I want to eat,” the Wolf interrupts all the objections of the Lamb and drags him into the dark forest.
In the fable “The Crow and the Fox”, at first the power is clearly on the side of the Crow: after all, she has cheese and she sits safely - high on a tree. Fox can't get it. But each has its own methods to achieve the goal. The fox is cunning and skillfully uses it. She begins to praise the gullible Crow: “what a neck, what eyes!” Seeing that the bird is attentively listening to flattery, the Fox asks the Crow to sing. Having listened, the Crow willingly croaks, and the cheese goes to the Fox. It seems to me that in this fable I. Krylov ridicules not so much the hypocrisy of the Fox, but the gullibility, innocence, self-admiration of the Crow, which cannot separate the words of flattery from the truth.
N.V. wrote that the fables of I. Krylov are “a true book of folk wisdom”. Based on the situations created by the authors, on the example of the heroes of fables, you learn to be honest, courageous, not to talk about what you do not know, and you understand that there is never much knowledge.
"Krylov's Fables" - composition grade 6
The works of the great Russian fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov have been familiar to us since childhood. He wrote wonderful short stories of an instructive nature - fables in which he condemned and ridiculed human shortcomings. The characters in the fables are animals, objects in which human qualities are manifested.
Krylov's fables became widely known during his lifetime, but are still very popular. Because the topics he touched on and the allegorical images he created remain relevant even now. His fables embody the folk ideals of diligence, nobility, honesty, disinterestedness, kindness and justice.
A. S. found in Krylov’s fables the distinctive properties of the Russian people: “a cheerful cunning of the mind, mockery and a picturesque way of expressing themselves.”
You need to have real talent in order to be able to show the whole character so brightly and briefly, in two lines, as Krylov did. Krylov wrote so simply, intelligibly, that every person easily remembers the wonderful language of his fables, recognizes the Russian character in the heroes. In his works, Krylov, defending the ideals of goodness and justice, selflessness and hard work, caustically ridicules cunning, laziness, stupidity, stubbornness, cowardice.
For example, in the fables "Quartet", "Swan, Pike and Cancer" he criticizes the lack of elementary skills and consent, without which good results cannot be achieved. And “The Wolf and the Lamb” is an evil satire in which the author criticizes the immorality, despotism and arbitrariness of the authorities: “The strong always blame the weak.”
A special place in the work of Krylov is occupied by fables written during the Patriotic War of 1812: “The Cat and the Cook”, “The Wolf in the Kennel”, “The Convoy”, “The Crow and the Chicken”. They embodied the patriotic spirit of the people, the thoughts and feelings of the author himself in the hour of formidable trials. In the heroes of the fable "The Wolf in the Kennel" we recognize the Russian people who rose to war with Napoleon, Napoleon himself in the form of the Wolf and the wise Russian commander Kutuzov in the form of the Huntsman.
The huge success and popularity of the fables of I. A. Krylov can be explained by the fact that the author presented in his works the whole of Russian life and evaluated it from the point of view of the common people. In his fables, Krylov responded to the events of contemporary life, but they do not lose their relevance, because real, poetically strong words and truthful images forever become the property of the people. In linguistic means, images, Krylov comes from folklore, but at the same time, thanks to accuracy, accuracy, simplicity, many lines of his fables entered colloquial Russian speech, became proverbs and sayings, began to live their own lives: “And Vaska listens and eats”, “And you , friends, no matter how you sit down, everyone is not good for musicians”, “But the chest just opened”, “It is not for nothing that they say that the work of the master is afraid.”
The fables of I. A. Krylov do not grow old. They are also interesting and useful for us, modern readers.
What do fables teach us? (composition)
The fable is one of my favorite genres of literature. Fables of Aesop, Phaedrus, La Fontaine, L. Borovikovsky, There are. Combs, P. Gulak-Artemovsky, L. Glebov, Kantemir, Trediakovsky, I. Krylov are known, loved and appreciated all over the world. Why is the bike so popular and loved by the people? Is it because unusual characters are depicted in these short fable stories? Here we see predatory Wolves and Bears, cunning, treacherous Foxes and defenseless Lambs ... "My animals speak for me," the famous Russian writer I. A. Krylov repeated more than once. What are these unusual characters talking about? Most often, they clearly demonstrate stupidity, ignorance, greed, craftiness, boastfulness, tyranny and cruelty. And it is not difficult to guess that these funny and sometimes sad stories from fables speak about people, about their vices and shortcomings.
Reading a fable, we laugh heartily, but at the same time we understand that its main conclusion is always serious. In their fables, writers-writers denounce those shortcomings that prevent people from living. They, of course, carry a positive charge in themselves - they always work for good, help us get rid of shortcomings, fight those who do not want to live honestly, who do not like normal human relations.
Tales condemn parasitism, moral baseness. And at the same time they teach us to be humane, benevolent, hardworking. More and more new generations of people who come into the world find a lot of instructive things for themselves in fables. The plots of fables, whose characters - the Lion, the Bear, the Wolf, the Fox, the Lamb and other animals - help to understand good and evil, truth and untruth in people's lives, remain always interesting, imperishable, so the educational value of fables can hardly be overestimated.